Shortest biocatalytic pathway to natural vanillin from eugenol or clove oil

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Eugenol/clove oil are natural resources which have been used already more than hundred years ago for the chemical synthesis of vanillin. This synthesis was however not sustainable and did not lead to a product which can be classified as natural. Alternatively, microorganisms have been found which transform eugenol to vanillin via a five step-sequence involving energy intensive steps requiring ATP. In our study we have shown a proof of concept that eugenol/clove oil can be transformed to vanillin by just two biocatalytic steps requiring molecular oxygen as the only oxidant. The success was based on combining suitable enzymes from different microorganism in a designed artificial cascade. As in this cascade only molecular oxygen and biocatalyst are needed, and the reaction is performed in buffer at ambient conditions, the product can be considered as natural. The study also emphasises the strength of artificially designed cascades outperforming even natural pathways.

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Wolfgang Kroutil
acib Key researcher

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